[97] Marriage Laws of the Fifty States, District of Columbia and Puerto Rico, Cornell Law School
[98] ”Algeria”: Islamic Family Law – Legal Profiles, Emory Law School, 2002
State Religion: Islam, Sharia Marital Law: 18 with parental consent
[99] ”Bahrain”, National Laws, Legislation of INTERPOL member states on sexual offences against children, 2008
State Religion: Islam, Sharia Marital Law: 15 with parental consent, or 21
[100] ”Bangladesh”, Islamic Family Law – Legal Profiles, Emory Law School, 2002
State Religion: Islam, Sharia Marital Law: 18 (with exceptions)
[101] ”Egypt”, Islamic Family Law – Legal Profiles, Emory Law School, 2002
State Religion: Islam, Sharia Marital Law: 16 with parental consent
[102] ”Iraq”, Islamic Family Law – Legal Profiles, Emory Law School, 2002
State Religion: Islam, Sharia Marital Law: 15 with parental consent, or 18
[103] ”Jordan”, Islamic Family Law – Legal Profiles, Emory Law School, 2002
State Religion: Islam, Sharia Marital Law: 15 with parental consent, or 18
[104] “Kuwait”, Islamic Family Law – Legal Profiles, Emory Law School, 2002
State Religion: Islam, Sharia Marital Law: 15 with parental consent, puberty and maturity (with exceptions)
[105] “Libya”, Islamic Family Law – Legal Profiles, Emory Law School, 2002
State Religion: Islam, Sharia Marital Law: 20 (exceptions with parental and court permission and benefit to parties)
[106] “Malaysia”, Islamic Family Law – Legal Profiles, Emory Law School, 2002
State Religion: Islam, Sharia Marital Law: 16 with parental consent (exceptions with court permission)
[107] “Morocco”, Islamic Family Law – Legal Profiles, Emory Law School, 2002
State Religion: Islam, Sharia Marital Law: 15 with parental consent
[108] “Pakistan”, Islamic Family Law – Legal Profiles, Emory Law School, 2002
State Religion: Islam, Sharia Marital Law: 16
[109] “Palestine”, Islamic Family Law – Legal Profiles, Emory Law School, 2002
State Religion: Islam, Sharia Marital Law: 15 with parental consent
[110] “Somalia”, Islamic Family Law – Legal Profiles, Emory Law School, 2002
State Religion: Islam, Sharia Marital Law: 16 with parental consent, or 18
[111] “Syria”, Islamic Family Law – Legal Profiles, Emory Law School, 2002
State Religion: Islam, Sharia Marital Law: 17 with parental consent
[112] “Tunisia”, Islamic Family Law – Legal Profiles, Emory Law School, 2002
State Religion: Islam, Sharia Marital Law: 17 (exceptions with parental and court permission and benefit to parties)
[113] “Yemen”, Islamic Family Law – Legal Profiles, Emory Law School, 2002
State Religion: Islam, Sharia Marital Law: 15 with parental consent
[114] “UAE”, Islamic Family Law – Legal Profiles, Emory Law School, 2002
State Religion: Islam, Sharia Marital Law
“Age makes all the difference”, Bassma Al Jandaly, Gulf News, November 02, 2007
“Dubai: You can get married in the UAE if you are 18 years old, but if you are less than the legal age, a judge will have to decide whether you are competent enough to wed. If you are 18 years of age and older but your guardians are stopping the marriage, you can approach a court judge to sort out the issue.”
"Getting Married in Abu Dhabi", Abu Dhabi Tourism Authority
“Islam is the official state religion and the Sharia Court in Abu Dhabi performs marriage, regardless of applicants’ nationalities, according to Islamic law...Regardless of a woman’s age the Sharia Court would always require her guardian’s approval for the marriage.”
[115] “Islam: Governing Under Sharia”, Sharon Otterman , Council on Foreign Relations
“Most Middle Eastern countries continue to incorporate some traditional sharia into their legal codes, especially in the area of personal-status law, which governs marriage, divorce, and inheritance.”
[116] “Age makes all the difference”, Bassma Al Jandaly, Gulf News, November 02, 2007
“Dubai: You can get married in the UAE if you are 18 years old, but if you are less than the legal age, a judge will have to decide whether you are competent enough to wed.”
"Getting Married in Abu Dhabi", Abu Dhabi Tourism Authority
“Islam is the official state religion and the Sharia Court in Abu Dhabi performs marriage, regardless of applicants’ nationalities, according to Islamic law.”
[117] “Shari'ah”, Encyclopedia Britannica, 2008
“A legal capacity to transact belongs to any person “of prudent judgment” (rashid), a quality that is normally deemed to arrive with physical maturity or puberty...Persons who are not rashid, on account of minority, mental deficiency, simplicity, or prodigality, are placed under interdiction: their affairs are managed by a guardian and they cannot transact effectively without the guardian's consent.”
[118] {وَابْتَلُواْ الْيَتَامَى حَتَّىَ إِذَا بَلَغُواْ النِّكَاحَ فَإِنْ آنَسْتُم مِّنْهُمْ رُشْداً فَادْفَعُواْ إِلَيْهِمْ أَمْوَالَهُمْ...} {Test the orphans, so that if they have reached the age of procreation, and if (you) discerned from them sound judgement then deliver to them their fortune} Quran: Al Nisaa (The Women) 4:6, p. 77
The responsibility of another person or children is far more important to test than the responsibility of money alone. Furthermore, this is the only verse in the Quran using the term “Balaghu Alnikah“ (age of procreation) for puberty, and it is to mention the condition of sound judgement before gaining the responsibilities normally associated with puberty. (Muhaddith MR)
[119] “al Mustadrak”, al Hakim, vol. 2
“...an authentic hadeeth by Imaam Muslim’s criteria: Citing Abu Sa’eed al Khudri that the Prophet PBUH said:
‘No harm (is allowed), nor harming back. Whoever harms, Allah Will Harm him, and whoever makes things difficult (for others), Allah Will Make things difficult for him’.”
المستدرك على الصحيحين، للإمام محمد بن عبد الله الحاكم النيسابوري. المجلد الثاني
...
عن أبي سعيد الخدري - رضي الله تعالى عنه: أن رسول الله - صلى الله عليه وسلم - قال: (لا ضرر ولا ضرار، من ضار ضاره الله، ومن شاق شاق الله عليه). هذا حديث صحيح الإسناد على شرط مسلم، ولم يخرجاه.
[120] Imaam Ahmad, Abu Dawood, Tirmizhi, Nasaa’i, Ibn Maajah, and Al Tabaraani (citing Abi Sirmah), and Al Hakim (citing Abu Sa’eed Al Khudri):
“Whoever harms, Allah Will Harm him, and whoever makes things difficult (for others), Allah Will Make things difficult for him.”
روى أحمد في مسنده وأبو داود، والترمذي، والنسائي، وابن ماجه، والطبراني في الكبير عن أبي صرمة
من ضار ضار الله به، ومن شاق شاق الله عليه
[121] Hadith Hasan (authenticated): Malik, Suyuti, Ahmed, Shafii; and Imam Munawi in “Faydh al Qadir, Sharh al Jame al Saghir” vol 6, hadith #9899
“Allah’s Messenger said: ‘No harm (is allowed), nor harming back.’ “
الإمامِ المناوي, فيض القدير، شرح الجامع الصغير، الجزء السادس. حديث رقم: 9899
لا ضرر ولا ضرار
[122] "The Language of God", Francis Collins, pp 243-244
"four ethical principles undergird much of bioethics, and are common to virtually all cultures and societies: 1-Respect for autonomy...2- Justice...3- Benefience-The mandate to treat others in their best interests 4- Nonmaleficence-"First do no harm" (as in the Hypocrstic oath)...A religious person will see these as principles clearly laid out in sacred ****s of the Judeo-Christian, Islamic, Buddhist, and other religious traditions..."
[123] "The Language of God", Francis Collins, pp 243-244
"four ethical principles undergird much of bioethics, and are common to virtually all cultures and societies: 1-Respect for autonomy...2- Justice...3- Benefience-The mandate to treat others in their best interests 4- Nonmaleficence-"First do no harm" (as in the Hypocrstic oath)...A religious person will see these as principles clearly laid out in sacred ****s of the Judeo-Christian, Islamic, Buddhist, and other religious traditions..."
[124] Tafsir al Qurtubi, Explanation of the Quran: Al Tawbah (The Repentance) 9:91
“His saying: {Not on the weak nor on the sick nor on those who find nothing to spend is any blame (haraj, or fault) if they are true to Allah and His messenger...} is a foundation that obligations are waived from upon the infirm, thus any person who is not capable of something, then it is waived for him; sometimes to a replacement which is an (other) action, and sometimes to a financial assignment, and there is no difference between incapability regarding the body or the wealth.
And similar to this aayah is His saying: {Allah does not burden a soul except according to its capability} (Baqarah, 286)
And His saying: {There is no blame on the blind, nor is there blame on the lame, nor is there blame on the sick.} (Al Nur, 61)”
سورة التوبة 9:91 تفسير القرتبي
قوله تعالى: {ليس على الضعفاء ولا على المرضى ولا على الذين لا يجدون ما ينفقون حرج إذا نصحوا لله ورسوله ما على المحسنين من سبيل والله غفور رحيم} .
أصل في سقوط التكليف عن العاجز فكل من عجز عن شيء سقط عنه، فتارة إلى بدل هو فعل، وتارة إلى بدل هو غرم، ولا فرق بين العجز من جهة القوة أو العجز من جهة المال ونظير هذه الآية قوله تعالى: {لا يكلف الله نفسا إلا وسعها" [البقرة: 286]
وقوله: {ليس على الأعمى حرج ولا على الأعرج حرج ولا على المريض حرج" [النور: 61].
[125] Quran: Al Hajj (The Pilgrimage) 22:78
“...He has chosen you and has not placed upon you in religion any hardship (haraj)...”
سورة الحج 22:78 القرآن الكريم
هُوَ اجْتَبَاكُمْ وَمَا جَعَلَ عَلَيْكُمْ فِي الدِّينِ مِنْ حَرَجٍ
[126] Tafsir al Qurtubi, Explanation of the Quran: Al Nur (The Light) 24:61
{Not on the blind is blame (haraj, or fault), nor on the blind is blame (haraj), nor on the sick is blame (haraj), nor on yourselves to eat from your houses...(or from houses of various relatives)...}
“But the selection (by Qurtubi) is to say: ‘That Allah has lifted the burden from upon the blind, concerning obligations that necessitate eyesight, and from upon the limping (lame) concerning action that require walking in order to become obligatory as well as actions that become impossible due to limping, and from upon the sick, whatever is waived by disease such as fasting, the conditions and details of prayer and jihad and similar (duties).’ Then He (Allah) said, providing details: ‘And there is no blame upon you to eat from your houses.’
So this is a correct meaning, and a clear and beneficial explanation, supported by Islamic law (sharia) and reason, and does not require ****ual sources in (this) explanation of the Aayah.
I say (al Qurtubi): And this is what Ibn Atiyyah indicated; he said: ‘So the outward meaning of this Aayah, and the commandment of Sharia, indicate that blame is lifted from upon them concerning anything that they have an excuse against’.”
سورة النور 24:61 تفسير القرتبي
{
لَيْسَ عَلَى الْأَعْمَى حَرَجٌ وَلَا عَلَى الْأَعْرَجِ حَرَجٌ وَلَا عَلَى الْمَرِيضِ حَرَجٌ وَلَا عَلَى أَنفُسِكُمْ أَن تَأْكُلُوا مِن بُيُوتِكُمْ أَو...}
لكن المختار أن يقال: إن الله رفع الحرج عن الأعمى فيما يتعلق بالتكليف الذي يشترط فيه البصر، وعن الأعرج فيما يشترط في التكليف به من المشي وما يتعذر من الأفعال مع وجود العرج، وعن المريض فيما يؤثر المرض في إسقاطه كالصوم وشروط الصلاة وأركانها، والجهاد ونحو ذلك. ثم قال بعد ذلك مبينا: وليس عليكم حرج في أن تأكلوا من بيوتكم. فهذا معنى صحيح، وتفسير بين مفيد، ويعضده الشرع والعقل، ولا يحتاج في تفسير الآية إلى نقل.
قلت: وإلى هذا أشار ابن عطية فقال: فظاهر الآية وأمر الشريعة يدل على أن الحرج عنهم مرفوع في كل ما يضطرهم إليه العذر، وتقتضي نيتهم فيه الإتيان بالأكمل، ويقتضي العذر أن يقع منهم الأنقص، فالحرج مرفوع عنهم في هذا.
[127] Quran: Al Maedah (The Repast) 5:6
“O you who believe, if you rise for prayer, wash your faces and hands to the elbows, and wipe your heads, and (wash) your feet to the two ankles. And if you are unclean then purify (yourselves). And if you are sick, or on a journey, or one of you comes from the lavatory, or have had contact with women, and then you find no water, then take clean earth (sand,dust), and wipe your faces and hands with it. Allah does not want to place on you of hardships (haraj), rather, He wants you (to be) purified and perfect His grace upon you, that you may be grateful”
سورة المائدة 5:6 القرآن الكريم
يَا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُواْ إِذَا قُمْتُمْ إِلَى الصَّلاةِ فاغْسِلُواْ وُجُوهَكُمْ وَأَيْدِيَكُمْ إِلَى الْمَرَافِقِ وَامْسَحُواْ بِرُؤُوسِكُمْ وَأَرْجُلَكُمْ إِلَى الْكَعْبَينِ وَإِن كُنتُمْ جُنُباً فَاطَّهَّرُواْ وَإِن كُنتُم مَّرْضَى أَوْ عَلَى سَفَرٍ أَوْ جَاء أَحَدٌ مَّنكُم مِّنَ الْغَائِطِ أَوْ لاَمَسْتُمُ النِّسَاء فَلَمْ تَجِدُواْ مَاء فَتَيَمَّمُواْ صَعِيداً طَيِّباً فَامْسَحُواْ بِوُجُوهِكُمْ وَأَيْدِيكُم مِّنْهُ مَا يُرِيدُ اللّهُ لِيَجْعَلَ عَلَيْكُم مِّنْ حَرَجٍ وَلَـكِن يُرِيدُ لِيُطَهَّرَكُمْ وَلِيُتِمَّ نِعْمَتَهُ عَلَيْكُمْ لَعَلَّكُمْ تَشْكُرُونَ
[128] Quran: Al Anam (The Cattle) 6:152, Al Araf (The Heights) 7:42, Al Muminum (The Believers) 23:62
“We do not charge a soul except what it can bear”
لَا نُكَلِّفُ نَفْساً إِلَّا وُسْعَهَا
Quran: Al Baqara (The Cow) 2:226
“Allah does not charge a soul except what it can bear”
لا يكلف الله نفسا إلا وسعها
Quran: Al Baqara (The Cow) 2:286
“A soul is not charged except with what it can bear”
لاَ تُكَلَّفُ نَفْسٌ إِلاَّ وُسْعَهَا
[129] “Al Athkaru al Nawawiyya”, Imam Nawawi, hadith # 2/850
“...Abu Hurayra said:
‘Allah’s Messenger (pbuh) said: ‘The person asked for advice is entrusted’.’ “
Muslim, abu Dawud, Nasaii, Tirmithi, Nasaii, ibn Maja, and it is an authenticated saying (hadith hasan)
الأذْكَارُ النَّوَويَّة، للإِمام النَّوَوي, وجدت الكلمات في الحديث رقم: 2/850
وروينا في سنن أبي داود والترمذي والنسائي وابن ماجه، عن أبي هريرة رضي اللّه عنه قال: قال رسول اللّه صلى اللّه عليه وسلم: "المُسْتَشارُ مُؤْتَمَنٌ". (849) مسلم (55) ، وأبو داود (4944) ، والنسائي 7/156. (850) أبو داود (5128) ، والترمذي (2823) و (2824) ، والنسائي وابن ماجه (3745) و (3746) ، وهو حديث حسن.
[130] “Tihfet al Ahwathi: The Explanation of Sunan al Tirmizhi”, Mubarakpuri
(The person asked for advice is entrusted)
‘The person asked for advice’: Whoever asked his advice has requested his opinion about what contains benefit ‘is entrusted’: from ‘security’ or ‘trust, confidence’, its meaning is that the person asked for advice is entrusted concerning the matters being asked about, so he should not be treacherous (commit treason) to the person asking, by withholding what is of benefit to him.
كتاب تحفة الأحوذي، شرح جامع الترمذي، لمحمد بن عبد الرحمن المباركفوري
(
إن المستشار) من استشاره طلب رأيه فيما فيه المصلحة (مؤتمن) اسم مفعول من الأمن أو الأمانة ومعناه أن المستشار أمين فيما يسأل من الأمور، فلا ينبغي أن يخون المستشير بكتمان مصلحته
[131] “Fayd al Qadir: The Explanation of Jame al Saghir”, Imam Munawi, Hadith # 9201
“ ‘The person asked for advice is entrusted’, that is, entrusted concerning the matters he is asked about, mentioned al Teebi, because he was given responsibility for the matter in which he was entrusted, so if he knows the benefit of the person who gave him responsibility of his own affair, he should not withhold it, for if he withholds it he will then be harming him but the Prophet PBUH said: ‘No harm (can be initiated), nor harm performed (in retaliation)’...”
الإمامِ المناوي, فيض القدير، شرح الجامع الصغير، الجزء السادس. حديث رقم: 9201
(
المستشار مؤتمن) أي أمين فيما يسأل من الأمور ذكره الطيبي لأنه قلد الأمر الذي استشير فيه فإذا عرف المصلحة لمن قلده أمره فلا يكتمه فإن كتم ضره وقد قال عليه الصلاة والسلام لا ضرر ولا ضرار فيكون قد ترك الإحسان وغشه فيما استشاره فيه وخان وقوله (إن شاء أشار وإن شاء لم يشر)
[132] Tafseer Al Nasafi:
{command to what is Urf} (Quran: The Heights 7:199, p. 176)
“What is considered good and fine among actions, or every feature that reason confirms and that Islamic Law accepts.”
{
وَأْمُرْ بِالْعُرْفِ}
بالمعروف والجميل من الأفعال أو هو كل خصلة يرتضيها العقل ويقبلها الشرع
[133] Durr al Manthur, Al Suyuti
{command to what is Urf} (Quran: The Heights 7:199, p. 176)
“What is considered good.”
{
وَأْمُرْ بِالْعُرْفِ}
بالمعروف
[134] Baydawi (famous for linguistic eminence in tafseer):
{command to what is Urf} (Quran: The Heights 7:199, p. 176)
“What is considered good and recommended so among actions.”
{
وَأْمُرْ بِالْعُرْفِ}
المعروف المستحسن من الأفعال
[135] "What's Happening to Marriage?", Essay from State of Our Unions: The Social Health of Marriage in America, 1999
The Marriage Relationship...benefits such as sexual faithfulness, emotional support, mutual trust and lasting commitment.
[136] “The Household and the Making of History: a Subversive View of the Western Past”, Hartman, Mary S., Rutgers University, Cambridge University Press, 2004
"This book argues that a unique late marriage pattern, discovered in the 1960s but originating in the Middle Ages, explains the continuing puzzle of why western Europe was the site of changes that...when the peasants in northwestern Europe began to marry their daughters almost as late as their sons. The appearance of this late marriage system, with its unstable nuclear household form"
[137] “Psychological neoteny and higher education: Associations with delayed parenthood”, Charlton, Medical Hypotheses, Volume 69, Issue 2, Pages 237-240 (2007)
“Marriage and parenthood are indicative of making a choice to ‘settle down’ and thereby move on from the more flexible lifestyle of youth; and furthermore these are usually commitments which themselves induce a settling down and maturation of attitudes and behaviors...Parenthood is associated with a broad range of psychologically ‘maturing’ and socially-integrating effects in both men and women...The conclusion is that psychological neoteny is indeed increasing, and mainly as a consequence of the increasing percentage of school leavers going into higher education.”
[138] http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ages_of_consent_in_Europe
[139] “Child Sexual Abuse I: An Overview”, Advocates for Youth
“In up to 50 percent of reported cases, offenders are adolescents.”
[140] “Child Sexual Abuse I: An Overview”, Advocates for Youth
“Child prostitution, pornography and cult (or "ritual") abuse are specific activities also included in the definition. Incest is sexual abuse where the offender is a family member.”
[141] “Child Sexual Abuse I: An Overview”, Advocates for Youth
“Child sexual abuse is characterized by deception, force or coercion”
[142] “Myths and Facts about Childhood Sexual Abuse”
“A national study in 1986 indicated that 35% of all children under age 18 had been sexually abused.”
[143] “Child Sexual Abuse I: An Overview”, Advocates for Youth
“The National Resource Council estimates the percent of the U.S. population which has been sexually abused to range from a low of 20-24 percent to a high of 54-62 percent of the population; the higher estimate includes sexualized exposure without touching, such as masturbating in front of the child. The largest retrospective study on the prevalence of child sexual abuse found 27 percent of women and 16 percent of men reported abuse.”
[144] “Troubled Teens Statistics - Teen Help for Troubled Teens”
“In the U.S.,...6 in 10 of those who had sex before age 15 report having had sex involuntarily.”
“Teenage Sex and Promiscuity”
“Twenty percent of all adolescents have had sex at least once before their fifteenth birthday.”
(Therefore 60% x 25% = 12% of all 14 year olds have had sex “involuntarily”)
[145] “Troubled Teens Statistics - Teen Help for Troubled Teens”
“Half of all new HIV infections occur among adolescents.”
[146] Preventing Teenagers from Getting Contraceptives Unless They Tell a Parent Puts Teens at Risk, ACLU 7/18/2003
“
Over half of all new HIV infections in the United States occur in adolescents.”
[147] “Troubled Teens Statistics - Teen Help for Troubled Teens”
“In the U.S., 7 in 10 women who had sex before age 14...report having had sex involuntarily.”
[148] “A LEAGUE TABLE OF TEENAGE BIRTHS IN RICH NATIONS”, Unicef, Innocenti Report Card, 2001
“But it is among younger teenagers that the kaleidoscope has been most vigorously shaken. According to some sources, for example, seven per cent of American children now have sex even before they have become teenagers.”
[149] “Troubled Teens Statistics - Teen Help for Troubled Teens”
“Nationwide, 6.2% of high school students had had sexual intercourse for the first time before age 13.”
[150] “In Whose Interest? Feminist Research on Prostitution”, Off Our Backs, July 1997
“Those who work with prostituted women have found that 90% of the population are incest and child sexual abuse survivors, oftentimes abused by many perpetrators (The Council for Prostitution Alternatives, WHISPER).”
[151] "Child Prostitution", US Department of Justice, Child Exploitation and Obscenity Section (CEOS)
“The majority of American victims of commercial sexual exploitation tend to be runaway or thrown away youth who live on the streets who become victims of prostitution...These children generally come from homes where they have been abused, or from families that have abandoned them”
[152] "Myths and Facts of Incest", Hill Country Children's Advocacy Center
"90% of young prostitutes were victims of sexual abuse."
[153] "Child Prostitution", US Department of Justice, Child Exploitation and Obscenity Section (CEOS)
“The average age at which girls first become victims of prostitution is 12-14”
[154] Sexually Active Teenagers Are More Likely to Be Depressed and to Attempt Suicide, Rector, Johnson, Noyes, June 3, 2003, Center for Data Analysis Report #03-04
"Thus, sexually active girls are more than three times more likely to be depressed than are girls who are not sex*ually active...Thus, sexually active teenage boys are eight times more likely to attempt sui*cide than are boys who are not sexu*ally active."
[155] "Does Abstinence Education Really Work?", Project Reality
“Sexually active girls are 3 times more likely to attempt suicide that abstinent teenage girls. Sexually active males are 8 times more likely to attempt suicide. Suicide rates have doubled to teens between 1960-2001.”
[156] Some Eye-opening Teen Pregnancy Facts, Parent Super Site
"95% of teen pregnancies are unplanned...80% of teen mothers end up on welfare."
(Therefore 95% x 80% = 76% of unplanned teen mothers end up on welfare)
[157] “A LEAGUE TABLE OF TEENAGE BIRTHS IN RICH NATIONS”, Unicef, Innocenti Report Card, 2001
"In the world’s rich nations...at least 1.25 million teenagers become pregnant each year...approximately half a million will seek an abortion and approximately three quarters of a million will become teenage mothers... Sex before marriage and the expectation of several sexual partners before beginning a stable relationship has now become the norm in most industrialized countries.”
[158] "Comments of CATW in preparation for the United States 2002 Trafficking in Persons (TIP) Report", Coalition Against Trafficking in Women
"Legalized or decriminalized prostitution industries are one of the root causes of sex trafficking. There is an fundamental connection between legal recognition of prostitution industries and the increase in “significant numbers of victims” who have been subjected to sex trafficking. Nowhere do we see this relationship more clearly than in countries advocating prostitution as an employment choice, or who foster the legalization of prostitution, or who support the decriminalization of the sex industry...Another argument for legalizing prostitution in the Netherlands was that it would help end child prostitution. In reality, however, child prostitution in the Netherlands has increased dramatically during the 1990s...The sheer volume of foreign women who are in the prostitution industry in Germany – by some NGO estimates now up to 85 per cent – casts further doubt on the fact that these numbers of women could have entered Germany without facilitation. As in the Netherlands, NGOs report that most of the foreign women have been trafficked into the country since it is almost impossible for poor women to facilitate their own migration, underwrite the costs of travel and travel documents, and set themselves up in business without outside help."
[159] ”Worst Forms of Child Labour Data: Germany”, Global March Against Child Labor
“Child Trafficking...NATIONAL STATISTICS...At least 200 women, including girls under the age of 16, were trafficked by one Polish man to Germany and the Netherlands between 1993 and 1996...Germany is a destination and transit country for trafficked women. Estimates vary considerably on the number of women and girls trafficked to and through the country, ranging between 2,000 and 20,000 per year....Most trafficking victims are women and girls between the ages of 16 and 25 who are forced to work as prostitutes....Germany, Israel, the Netherlands, Denmark, and Austria are major destinations for women trafficked from Lithuania, based on the figures of women subsequently deported from these countries to Lithuania....The German Federal Department of Criminal Investigation estimates that 5% of the women trafficked from Eastern Europe are younger than 18....Germany is one of the most popular destinations in Europe for women trafficked from Ukraine and Russia...Sweden is used as a transit country for trafficking Latin American women to brothels in Denmark, Germany and the Netherlands.”
[160] Child Prostitution in the Netherlands, Carin Tiggeloven, Radio Netherlands Worldwide, 18-12-2001
"The number of Dutch children working in prostitution has increased dramatically over the past five years: from 4,000 to 15,000 according to figures published by the Amsterdam-based ChildRight organization...recent years have seen a significant rise on the number of Dutch girls forced into the sex industry..."
[161] "Human Rights Reports of Europe and Central Asia: Germany", 2003, The Protection Project
“Germany is the top destination country for trafficking in women and children for prostitution...The sex trade in Germany, Europe’s largest economy, brought in US$7.5 billion in 2003, which makes Germany an attractive destination country for prostitution networks that traffic women and children.”
[162] " 'Tens of thousands' blocked from child porn", Nov 25 2005, The Local: Sweden’s News in English
"Every day 20,000 to 30,000 attempts by Swedes to enter child pornography sites are blocked, according to the latest figures from the police...Between 80% and 90% of child porn web sites are blocked by the filters...Nevertheless, the figures are "grotesque", said Ecpat's general secretary Helena Karlén...'It's significant and shocking that so many people in our country are interested in watching children being raped and in certain cases tortured,' she said to SvD."
[163] ”German Police Turn Up the Heat on Internet Sex Offenders”, 08-01-2007, DW-World.de Detche Welle
Thousands of suspected pedophiles and child-porn users in Germany...using the Internet to view and trade sex photos and videos...investigators said they found photos and videos of children in "violent and degrading situations."...Child pornography on the rise...Some 800 cases involving child pornography passed through the state's district attorney's office in Stuttgart in 2006. That number represents an increase from 690 cases in 2005 and 620 cases in 2004. The suspects come from all parts of society...Few cases of child pornography, however, are easy to prosecute, district attorney spokeswoman Bettina Vetter told the Stuttgarter Zeitung. Only one third of all child pornography cases are carried through to a court sentence while many cases are often abandoned for lack of evidence, she said.
[164] "German Government Publication Promotes Incestuous Pedophilia as Healthy Sex Ed", John-Henry Westen, July 30, 2007, LifeSiteNews.com
“Booklets from a subsidiary of the German government's Ministry for Family Affairs encourage parents to...Two 40-page booklets entitled "Love, Body and Playing Doctor" by the German Federal Health Education Center..."Fathers do not devote enough attention to the clitoris and vagina of their daughters. Their caresses too seldom pertain to these regions, while this is the only way the girls can develop a sense of pride in their sex," reads the booklet regarding 1-3 year olds. The authors rationalize, "The child touches all parts of their father's body, sometimes arousing him. The father should do the same."...For ages 4-6, the booklet recommends teaching children the movements of copulation...According to the Polish daily newspaper Rzeczpospolita, the BZgA booklet is an obligatory read in nine German regions. It is used for training nursery, kindergarten and elementary school teachers...Rzeczpospolita reports that the Eckhardt Scheffer of BZgA claimed that before releasing the manual the organization consulted parents, educators and child psychologists. 93% of whom gave a positive evaluation.“
[165] "A Research Note on Incest", Svend Riemer, The American Journal of Sociology, Vol. 45, No. 4 (Jan., 1940), pp. 566-575
"There is no doubt that incest, especially father-daughter incest, is very widespread within certain strata of Swedish society"
[166] "Europeans pay big for beastiality at barnyard brothels", Aftermath News, October 2, 2006
"Denmark’s animal bordellos reportedly draw Norwegian clients, but both countries have loopholes that make such establishments legal...Denmark’s animal bordellos have been advertising on the ‘Net and reportedly draw customers from as far away as Norway, Germany, Holland and Sweden who want to pay for sex with horses and other beasts... Mersereau said just because there’s been publicity about such facilities in Denmark who are “catering to those kinds of sickos,” that doesn’t mean those activities aren’t happening elsewhere."
[167] "Animal bordellos draw Norwegians", Aftenporten News from Norway, Sep 14 2006
"According to the 24timer report, Germans, Dutchmen, Swedes and Norwegians visit the Danish bordellos, and a web site devoted to bestiality claimed that many of Denmark's animal sex clients stem from Norway...A new dissertation from the Institute of Criminology at the University of Oslo showed that Norwegian veterinarians know of at least 124 cases of animal sex abuse in Norway. The thesis reports that 22 percent of Norwegian veterinarians suspect or are sure that they have treated animals that have been sexually abused by humans."
[168] http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bestiality#Legal_status
Currently, the legality of bestiality varies greatly around the world. It is legal in some countries, such as Sweden, Denmark and the Netherlands...Countries such as Belgium, Germany and Russia are in between the two as they permit sexual activity with animals but strictly prohibit the promotion of animal-oriented pornography
[169] ”Bestiality on the Rise in Sexually Libertine Sweden”, LifeSiteNews.com, May 4, 2005
"Sweden, known the world over for its avant garde sexual mores has crossed yet another barrier in its moral descent with the news that sexual abuse of animals is on the increase. A government commissioned study has found that more than 200 animals, mostly horses, have been sexually abused in Sweden since the 1970s...Unlike most countries, bestiality is not illegal in Sweden. The legal prohibitions against both bestiality and homosexuality were lifted by the country in 1944....In an article published last year entitled "The End of Marriage in Scandinavia", author Stanley Kurtz reported "Sweden is probably the most secular country in the world. Secular social scientists (most of them quite radical) have largely replaced clerics as arbiters of public morality." The decline of general sexual morality, evident in Swedish society, seems to be manifesting itself in many disturbing ways, spiraling downward with increasing rapidity."
[170] “Falling Age at Puberty”, Population Reports, Volume XXIII, Number 3, October, 1995
“Boys and girls now experience puberty at younger ages than previous generations. In general, girls enter puberty between ages 8 and 13 and reach menarche (first menstruation) several years later, while boys enter puberty between ages 9 and 14 (436, 529). The reasons for earlier menarche in girls are not well understood. Most of the change is attributed to better health and nutrition (160, 185, 529). In North America age at menarche decreased by three to four months each decade after 1850”
[171] The invention of adolescence, V.R., Psychology Today, Jan/Feb 95
“Since the mid-1800s, puberty--the advent of sexual maturation and the starting point of adolescence--has inched back one year for every 25 years elapsed. It now occurs on average six years earlier than it did in 1850--age 11 or 12 for girls; age 12 or 13 for boys.”
[172] “Evolution, development and timing of puberty.” Hanson, Gluckman Trends in Endocrinology & ****bolism, Volume 17, Issue 1, January 2006, Pages 7-12
“The age of menarche has fallen as child health has improved...In the past few decades, as puberty has advanced, biological maturation has come to precede psychosocial maturation significantly for the first time in our evolutionary history. Although this developmental mismatch has considerable societal implications, care has to be taken not to medicalize contemporary early puberty inappropriately.”
[173] ”New research shows how evolution explains age of puberty”, From the University of Southampton
“They found that Paleolithic girls arrived at menarche - the first occurrence of menstruation - between seven and 13 years. This is a similar age to modern girls...'This would have matched the degree of psychosocial maturation necessary to function as an adult in Paleolithic society based on small groups of hunter-gatherers,' they write...However, today there is a mismatch between sexual maturity and psychosocial maturity, with sexual maturity occurring much earlier. This mismatch is a result of society becoming vastly more complex, with psychosocial maturity therefore taking longer to reach.
'For the first time in our 200,000 year history as a species, humans become sexually mature before becoming psychologically equipped to function as adults in society,' explains Professor Hanson.
'All our social systems work on the presumption that the two types of maturity coincide. But this is no longer the case and never will be again because we cannot change biological reality. We have to work out a new set of structures - schooling, for example - to deal with this reality.' “
[174] When Little Girls Become Women: Early Onset of Puberty in Girls
“But the implications for parents, teachers, and others who work with children are equally important: many young girls in early elementary school are developing breasts and pubic hair at a time when they are still playing with dolls and Junior Monopoly, and are too young to understand the emotional mood swings and other symptoms of adolescence.”
[175] “A LEAGUE TABLE OF TEENAGE BIRTHS IN RICH NATIONS”, Unicef, Innocenti Report Card, 2001
“In particular the weakening of traditional attitudes has combined with commercial pressures to create more sexualised societies in which old taboos serve mainly to add to the allure of the formerly forbidden. Increasingly, sexual imagery and content are permeating the information and entertainment environments within which today’s teenagers develop awareness, experiment with identity, and live out their aspirations towards adulthood. Unsurprisingly in such a con****, sexual activity among teenagers has increased (perhaps aided by a fall in the average age of puberty as a result of better health and nutrition).”
[176] “Psychological neoteny and higher education: Associations with delayed parenthood”, Charlton, Medical Hypotheses, Volume 69, Issue 2, Pages 237-240 (2007)
“Marriage and parenthood are indicative of making a choice to ‘settle down’ and thereby move on from the more flexible lifestyle of youth; and furthermore these are usually commitments which themselves induce a settling down and maturation of attitudes and behaviors...Parenthood is associated with a broad range of psychologically ‘maturing’ and socially-integrating effects in both men and women...The conclusion is that psychological neoteny is indeed increasing, and mainly as a consequence of the increasing percentage of school leavers going into higher education
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